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What are the four types of network cables?
There are four types of network cable, and they are listed below.
Coaxial cable:
Coaxial cablehas been the most popular choice of cable because it's inexpensive and straightforward to work with (weight and flexibility). A coaxial cable comprises the central portion (called core) made of copper wire enclosed in an insulator. The metal shield is then braided and finally, an outer sheath.
Its sheath shields the cable from external surroundings. It is typically comprised of rubber (sometimes made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or Teflon). This protective shielding (metallic enclosure) around the cables helps shield data through supports from interference (or noise) which could lead to distortion in the data.
The insulation around the core is a dielectric material designed to prevent all contact between the shielding creating electrical interactions (short circuits). The core that carries the data is generally composed of one copper strand or several twisting wires.
Due to their shielding capabilities, coaxial cablescan be used for long distances and at high speeds (unlike the twisted pair cable); however, it's only suitable for basic installations.
It is important to note that coaxial cables have double shielding (one layer of insulation, the shielding layer) and coaxial cables that feature quadruple shielding (two layers of insulation and two layers of shielding).
Twisted-pair cabling:
In its simplest form, a twisted-pair cable comprises two copper strands joined by insulation.
There are two kinds of cable twisted-pair:
Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP):
The UTP cable is compliant with the 10BaseT specifications. The UTP cable is among the most commonly utilized type of twisted pairs for local networks.
The majority of telephone installations employ UTP cable, and many buildings are wired to support this kind of installation (often enough to meet future requirements). If the pre-installed twisted coupler is of sufficient quality and reliable, it can transfer data and make use of it in an internet-connected computer network.
However, the number of twists and other electrical characteristics necessary to ensure reliable data transmission must be considered.
The most significant issue lies in the fact that UTP cable is especially susceptible to disruption (signals coming from one source blending with those of another). The sole solution is shielding.
Shielded Twisted-Pair (STP):
Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) cable has improved quality and a more robust copper jacket than utilized in UTP cable. It has a coat of protection that wraps around and between the pairs. In STP cable, the copper wires of the team are twisting, providing STP cable with superior shielding. (This means more excellent protection from interference.) However, it allows for more efficient transmission over a greater distance.
Optic Fiber:
Optic fiber is a type of cable that has many benefits:
Bandwidth ranges from a few tens of megahertz up to hundreds of gigahertz (single-mode fiber)
The optical cabling is especially suitable for connecting backbones (the principal connection between several buildings) since it allows connections across long distances (from just a few kilometres up to 60 km in the case of single-mode fiber) without the requirement to have any ground. Additionally, this kind of cable is highly secure since it is complicated to cut this type of cable.
But even though it is flexible mechanically, this kind of cable isn't suitable for connections to local networks because it is difficult to install and its price is high.
This is why twisted-pair or coaxial cable is the best choice for more minor connections. LAN cables made by Nakodaare the most efficient cables suitable for the modern world of computer networking.
